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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. IF12650 |
Title
May 3, 2024 Offshore Wind: The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management s Engagement with Federally Recognized Tribes The Bureau of Ocean Energy Management (BOEM), within the Department of the Interior (DOI), administers offshore wind leasing on the U.S. outer continental shelf (OCS). Among its responsibilities, BOEM engages with federally recognized Tribes (hereinafter Tribes) at multiple stages of the ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11159 |
Title
Legal Sidebar The Federal Trade Commission s Non-Compete Rule May 3, 2024 On April 23, 2024, the Federal Trade Commission (FTC) adopted a final rule prohibiting most employers from entering into or enforcing non-compete agreements with workers, subject to exceptions for the sale of a business and preexisting non-competes with senior executives. The rule implicates unsettled questions regarding the ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. IF11211 |
Title
Updated May 3, 2024 The European Parliament and U.S. Interests A Key EU Institution The European Parliament (EP) is the only directly elected institution of the 27-country European Union (EU). The EP s current 705 members represent the EU s nearly 450 million citizens. The EP has accumulated more power over time (most recently with the 2009 Lisbon Treaty) as part of EU efforts to improve ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. IF12651 |
Title
May 3, 2024 Drug Offense Sentencing Relief Under the First Step Act and the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines Congress may establish maximum penalties and mandatory minimum penalties for federal crimes. These statutory penalties form the outer bounds of permissible federal criminal sentences. Within these statutory limits, the U.S. Sentencing Guidelines establish sentencing ranges that federal judges ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. IF12024 |
Title
Updated May 3, 2024 Farm Bill Primer: Conservation Title The conservation title of a farm bill generally contains reauthorizations, amendments, and new programs that encourage farmers and ranchers to voluntarily implement resource-conserving practices on private land. Starting in 1985, farm bills broadened the conservation agenda to include addressing multiple natural resource concerns. Although ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. R47639 |
Title
Presidential Medal of Freedom Updated May 3, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47639 SUMMARY Presidential Medal of Freedom The Presidential Medal of Freedom is considered the U.S. government s highest civilian honor. Awarded by the President, it is often presented to individuals to recognize a lifetime of significant achievements in the arts, public service, ...
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| Date May 3, 2024 |
Report No. R47678 |
Title
Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2024: In Brief Updated May 3, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47678 Comparing DHS Component Funding, FY2024: In Brief Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 FY2024 DHS Appropriations Overview ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. IF10652 |
Title
Updated May 2, 2024 Career Programs for Veterans, Gold Star Families, and ActiveDuty Spouses in the House and Senate House Green & Gold Congressional Aide Program Origin In 2008, the leadership of the House of Representatives and the Committee on House Administration established a House aide program designed to provide career opportunities for veterans. The program was originally known as the ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. IF12270 |
Title
Updated May 2, 2024 The Federal Status of Marijuana and the Policy Gap with States Marijuana is a psychoactive drug that generally consists of leaves and flowers of the cannabis sativa plant. Marijuana is a Schedule I controlled substance under the federal Controlled Substances Act (CSA; 21 U.S.C. 801 et seq.), and thus is strictly regulated by federal authorities. In contrast, over the last ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R44339 |
Title
Martin Luther King, Jr. Day Speech Resources: Fact Sheet Updated May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R44339 Martin Luther King, Jr. Day Speech Resources: Fact Sheet Introduction Martin Luther King, Jr. Day is a federal holiday observed annually on the third Monday in January. It celebrates the life and legacy of Martin Luther King, Jr. in honor of his ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R47657 |
Title
Energy and Water Development Appropriations for Nuclear Weapons Activities: In Brief Updated May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47657 Energy and Water Development Appropriations for Nuclear Weapons Activities: In Brief Contents Introduction ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R46413 |
Title
Election Day: Frequently Asked Questions Updated May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46413 SUMMARY Election Day: Frequently Asked Questions Election Day is the day legally established to select public officials in the United States. General elections for federal offices President, Vice President, and U.S. Congress are held on the Tuesday after the first ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R48058 |
Title
No Surprises Act Independent Dispute Resolution (IDR) Process Data Analysis for the First Half of 2023 May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48058 SUMMARY No Surprises Act Independent Dispute Resolution (IDR) Process Data Analysis for the First Half of 2023 R48058 May 2, 2024 Ryan J. Rosso Analyst in Health Care Financing The No Surprises Act (NSA), part of ...
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| Date May 2, 2024 |
Report No. R48057 |
Title
FY2024 NDAA Funding Authorizations and Legislative Activity: In Brief May 2, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48057 SUMMARY FY2024 NDAA Funding Authorizations and Legislative Activity: In Brief R48057 May 2, 2024 Brendan W. McGarry Specialist in U.S. Defense The National Defense Authorization Act (NDAA) is authorization legislation typically Budget introduced ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IF12523 |
Title
Updated May 1, 2024 Repatriation of Native American Remains and Cultural Items: Requirements for Agencies and Institutions Some federal agencies, museums, and other institutions have, over time, acquired human remains and cultural items related to the Indigenous peoples who originally inhabited the United States. Congress has mandated the return or repatriation of some of these remains and ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IF12644 |
Title
Updated May 1, 2024 Patent Listing in FDA s Orange Book For over 40 years, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has maintained a resource formally titled Approved Drug Products with Therapeutic Equivalence Evaluations. This frequently updated publication now available as a searchable online database is more commonly called the Orange Book after the color of the print version s cover. ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IN12304 |
Title
INSIGHTi Revisions to Statistical Policy Directive No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and Ethnicity Updated May 1, 2024 The Office of Management and Budget (OMB) oversees the collection of race and ethnicity data through Statistical Policy Directive (SPD) No. 15: Standards for Maintaining, Collecting, and Presenting Federal Data on Race and ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IN12353 |
Title
INSIGHTi Discretionary Spending: Setting a Topline Amount for FY2025 Appropriations May 1, 2024 Each year, Congress produces appropriations legislation that provides discretionary funding for a broad range of government activities. The House and Senate Appropriations Committees have jurisdiction over such legislation, with each of their 12 respective subcommittees responsible for developing one ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IN12354 |
Title
INSIGHTi Venezuela s 2024 Presidential Election May 1, 2024 On July 28, 2024, Venezuela is scheduled to hold a presidential election, which could be a step toward restoring the country s democracy after a decade of increasingly authoritarian rule. There is widespread concern, however, that the Venezuelan government is creating electoral conditions that do not meet democratic standards, including ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IF11243 |
Title
Updated May 1, 2024 Defense Primer: DOD Transfer and Reprogramming Authorities In provisions of the United States Code (U.S.C.) and annual authorization and appropriations acts, Congress provides the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) limited authorities to obligate funds for purposes other than originally approved, or in a manner that otherwise diverges from congressional expectations. These ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IN11510 |
Title
INSIGHTi Lying in State or Honor in the U.S. Capitol by Non-Members of Congress Updated May 1, 2024 On April 29, 2024, Colonel Ralph Puckett, Jr., the last surviving Medal of Honor recipient from the Korean War, lay in honor in the U.S. Capitol Rotunda. In a press release, House Speaker Mike Johnson and Senate Majority Leader Chuck Schumer announced that The extraordinary valor of Colonel Ralph ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. IN12301 |
Title
INSIGHTi Houthi Attacks in the Red Sea: Issues for Congress Updated May 1, 2024 Since the October 7, 2023, Hamas attacks and Israel s military response in Gaza, the Ansar Allah/Houthi movement, an Iran-backed force in Yemen, has targeted (Figure 1) Israeli territory and commercial and naval vessels near the Bab al Mandeb Strait, a key maritime choke point. In response, the United States, its ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11105 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Legal Consequences of Rescheduling Marijuana Updated May 1, 2024 On April 30, 2024, news outlets reported that the Drug Enforcement Administration (DEA) planned to move marijuana from Schedule I to Schedule III under the Controlled Substances Act (CSA). The planned change followed an August 2023 recommendation from the Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that DEA ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. R48056 |
Title
Department of Veterans Affairs FY2024 Appropriations May 1, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48056 SUMMARY Department of Veterans Affairs FY2024 Appropriations The Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) administers numerous programs that provide benefits and services to eligible veterans and their families. These benefits include medical care, disability ...
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| Date May 1, 2024 |
Report No. R46991 |
Title
Economic Development Administration: An Overview of Programs and Appropriations (FY2011-FY2024) Updated May 1, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46991 SUMMARY Economic Development Administration: An Overview of Programs and Appropriations (FY2011-FY2024) R46991 May 1, 2024 Julie M. Lawhorn Analyst in Economic Development Policy The Economic Development ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IF12347 |
Title
Updated April 30, 2024 Digital Trade and Data Policy: Key Issues Facing Congress Digital trade includes trade in all goods and services for which orders are placed digitally. E-commerce generally refers to digitally ordered goods. Services that are digitally ordered may also be delivered digitally (e.g., online banking) or provided through a subscription (e.g., streaming or cloud services). Cross- ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IN12352 |
Title
INSIGHTi Establishing Data Standards and Measuring Building Use: Select Provisions of the Telework Transparency Act of 2024 (S. 4043) April 30, 2024 On March 21, 2024, Senator Gary Peters introduced the Telework Transparency Act of 2024 (S. 4043). The bill, cosponsored by Senator Joni Ernst, was referred to the Senate Committee on Homeland Security and Governmental Affairs on the same day, and no ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IF11329 |
Title
Updated April 30, 2024 American Battlefield Protection Program The American Battlefield Protection Program (ABPP; 54 U.S.C. 308101-308105) is a grant program administered by the National Park Service (NPS) aimed at promoting the preservation of sites where historic battles were fought on American soil (54 U.S.C. 308101 note). Initiated by the Secretary of the Interior in 1991, the program was ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IF12648 |
Title
April 30, 2024 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers: FY2025 Appropriations Congress generally funds the civil works activities of the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) in annual Energy and Water Development appropriations acts. These activities include the planning and construction of authorized water resource projects and the operation and maintenance (O&M) of infrastructure and navigation ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. IF12649 |
Title
April 30, 2024 Risks to the 2024 Economic Outlook The economy in 2023 was characterized by high but falling inflation, a tight labor market, and moderate to high growth. Many economists predicted that monetary policy tightening by the Federal Reserve (Fed) would result in a recession in 2023, but that did not come to pass. While inflation is still not back down to the Fed s target, and the path of ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. R47985 |
Title
The 2024 Army Force Structure Transformation Initiative Updated April 30, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47985 SUMMARY The 2024 Army Force Structure Transformation Initiative Since the U.S. Army s inception in 1775, it has reorganized or transformed its force structure on several occasions. These changes have occurred for a variety of reasons, such as shifting ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. R48054 |
Title
State of the U.S. Economy: Policy Issues in the 118th Congress April 30, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48054 SUMMARY State of the U.S. Economy: Policy Issues in the 118th Congress The onset of the COVID-19 pandemic caused the most severe shock to the U.S. economy since the Great Depression, with a 28% annualized quarterly decline in output and a 14.7% ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. RL30787 |
Title
Parliamentary Reference Sources: House of Representatives Updated April 30, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL30787 SUMMARY Parliamentary Reference Sources: House of Representatives House procedures are based not only on the rules the chamber adopts at the start of each Congress but also on constitutional mandates, published precedents, rulemaking statutes, ...
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| Date April 30, 2024 |
Report No. TE10099 |
Title
Statement of Bryce H. P. Mendez Specialist in Defense Health Care Policy Before Committee on Armed Services Subcommittee on Personnel U.S. Senate Hearing on Department of Defense s efforts to ensure servicemembers access to safe, high-quality pharmaceuticals April 30, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov TE10099 Congressional Research Service 1 Introduction Chair ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. IF12421 |
Title
Updated April 29, 2024 The U.S. Army s Indirect Fire Protection Capability (IFPC) System Background IFPC Increment 2 Protecting high-value military sites against enemy cruise missile (CM), unmanned aerial system (UAS), and rocket, artillery, and mortar (RAM) attacks has long been an important consideration in protecting military forces. The 2020 Nagorno-Karabakh Conflict between Armenia and ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. IF12647 |
Title
April 29, 2024 Internal Revenue Service Appropriations, FY2025 Overview of the IRS Budget Inflation Reduction Act The Internal Revenue Service (IRS) is responsible for (1) collecting most of the revenue to fund federal government agencies and programs, and (2) enforcing taxpayer compliance with federal tax laws through activities like taxpayer assistance and audits. In FY2023, the agency processed ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. IF11331 |
Title
Updated April 29, 2024 The Diesel Emissions Reduction Act (DERA) Program Emissions from diesel engines especially particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NOx), sulfur oxides, and air toxics have been shown to contribute to air pollution that adversely impacts public health and welfare in the United States. Since 1970, the Clean Air Act (CAA; 42 U.S.C. 7401 et seq.) has required the federal ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. IN12351 |
Title
INSIGHTi Senate Committee-Passed FAA Bill Revived Debate over Reagan National Airport Slot and Perimeter Rules April 29, 2024 On February 29, 2024, seven months after the House of Representatives passed Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) reauthorization legislation H.R. 3935, the Senate version of the bill (S. 1939) was reported by the Committee on Commerce, Science, and Transportation and ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11157 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Assessing Recent U.S. Airstrikes in the Middle East Under the War Powers Framework April 29, 2024 Airstrikes by U.S. forces in the Middle East have markedly increased since the outbreak of the current Israel-Hamas conflict on October 7, 2023. To date, the targets have been Iranian-supported militant groups in Iraq and Syria and in Yemen and the Red Sea. The strikes have prompted ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. IF12646 |
Title
April 29, 2024 Taiwan s Position in the World Introduction Taiwan, the self-governing Asian democracy that also calls itself the Republic of China (ROC), has struggled to maintain international space for itself in the world. The People s Republic of China (PRC), with its capital in Beijing, has never controlled Taiwan, but claims sovereignty over it and has vowed to unify with it, by force if ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. IN12107 |
Title
INSIGHTi Department of Defense Supplemental Funding for Ukraine: A Summary Updated April 29, 2024 To date, Congress has appropriated $174.2 billion in emergency supplemental funding in response to Russia s 2022 renewed invasion of Ukraine. Of this amount, $110.7 billion (64%) was provided for the U.S. Department of Defense (DOD) and certain other defense-related activities. The Biden ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11158 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Congressional Court Watcher: Recent Appellate Decisions of Interest to Lawmakers (April 22 April 28, 2024) April 29, 2024 The federal courts issue hundreds of decisions every week in cases involving diverse legal disputes. This Sidebar series selects decisions from the past week that may be of particular interest to federal lawmakers, focusing on orders and decisions of the Supreme ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. IF10275 |
Title
Updated April 29, 2024 Taiwan: Background and U.S. Relations Introduction Taiwan, which also calls itself the Republic of China (ROC), is a self-governing democracy of 23.5 million people located across the Taiwan Strait from mainland China. The United States terminated diplomatic relations with the ROC on January 1, 1979, in order to establish diplomatic relations with the People s Republic of ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. R48053 |
Title
Federal Data Management: Issues and Challenges in the Use of Data Standards April 29, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R48053 SUMMARY Federal Data Management: Issues and Challenges in the Use of Data Standards R48053 April 29, 2024 Natalie R. Ortiz Analyst in Government The federal government manages a significant amount of data. Congress expects federal agencies ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. IF10524 |
Title
Updated April 29, 2024 Defense Primer: Budgeting for National and Defense Intelligence Introduction Intelligence Community (IC) programs include the resources (i.e., money and manpower) to accomplish intelligence-related goals and responsibilities as defined by the United States Code (U.S.C.) and Executive Order 12333. IC programs are funded through the: (1) National Intelligence Program (NIP), ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. R47470 |
Title
Membership of the 118th Congress: A Profile Updated April 29, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47470 SUMMARY Membership of the 118th Congress: A Profile This report presents a profile of the membership of the 118th Congress (2023-2024) as of April 29, 2024, or at the beginning of the 118th Congress (January 3, 2023), where noted. Statistical information is ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. R41909 |
Title
Multiyear Procurement (MYP) and Block Buy Contracting in Defense Acquisition: Background and Issues for Congress Updated April 29, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R41909 Multiyear Procurement (MYP) and Block Buy Contracting in Defense Acquisition Summary Multiyear procurement (MYP) and block buy contracting (BBC) are special contracting mechanisms that Congress ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. R45030 |
Title
Federal Role in Voter Registration: The National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (NVRA) and Subsequent Developments Updated April 29, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45030 SUMMARY Federal Role in Voter Registration: The National Voter Registration Act of 1993 (NVRA) and Subsequent Developments R45030 April 29, 2024 Sarah J. Eckman Analyst in American National ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. R45342 |
Title
Central Valley Project: Issues and Legislation Updated April 29, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45342 SUMMARY Central Valley Project: Issues and Legislation The Central Valley Project (CVP), a federal water project owned and operated by the U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (Reclamation), is one of the world s largest water supply projects. The CVP covers ...
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| Date April 29, 2024 |
Report No. R45576 |
Title
An Overview of Small Business Contracting Updated April 29, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R45576 SUMMARY An Overview of Small Business Contracting Congress has broad authority to impact the federal procurement process and how agencies purchase goods and services from private sector firms. One way in which Congress has exercised this authority is by adopting ...
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