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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. R47390 |
Title
Kuwait: Issues for the 118th Congress Updated March 19, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47390 SUMMARY Kuwait: Issues for the 118th Congress U.S. relations with the State of Kuwait have remained close since the United States led a multinational coalition that liberated Kuwait from Iraqi forces in 1991. Defense cooperation serves as the centerpiece of U.S.- ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IF10485 |
Title
Updated March 19, 2024 Defense Primer: Geography, Strategy, and U.S. Force Design World geography is an influence on U.S. strategy, which in turn helps shape the design of U.S. military forces. World Geography and U.S. Strategy Most of the world s people, resources, and economic activity are located not in the Western Hemisphere, but in the other hemisphere, particularly Eurasia. In response to ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IF11729 |
Title
Updated March 19, 2024 Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) Background The Joint Light Tactical Vehicle (JLTV) Family of Vehicles (FoV) is an Army-led, joint-service program designed to replace a portion of each service s light tactical wheeled vehicle fleets. The JLTV FoV consists of two variants: the four-seat Combat Tactical Vehicle (CTV) (Figure 1) and the two-seat Combat Support Vehicle (CSV) ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IF11755 |
Title
Updated March 19, 2024 The Marine Corps Amphibious Combat Vehicle (ACV) Background The Marine Corps describes the Amphibious Combat Vehicle (ACV) as The Corps next-generation vehicle designed to move Marines from ship to shore (Figure 1). Designed to replace the Corps aging Amphibious Assault Vehicle (AAV), which has been in service since 1972, the ACV will be the primary means of tactical ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IF12467 |
Title
Updated March 19, 2024 U.S. Center for SafeSport: A Primer The U.S. Center for SafeSport ( the Center ) is the primary amateur athletics organization in the United States with responsibility for preventing and responding to sexual and other abuse. Between its creation in 2017 and December 2022, the Center received over 16,000 reports of potential abuse and issued disciplinary reports on nearly 2, ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IN12333 |
Title
INSIGHTi Updates to FEMA s Individuals and Households Program Made by the Individual Assistance Program Equity Rulemaking Updated March 19, 2024 On January 22, 2024, the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) published an interim final rule (IFR) amending its regulations governing the Individual Assistance (IA) program specifically the Individuals and Households Program (IHP). The rule goes ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IN12334 |
Title
INSIGHTi The American Climate Corps March 19, 2024 On September 20, 2023, the Biden Administration announced the launch of a new American Climate Corps (ACC) initiative. The ACC is described as a workforce training and service initiative to provide individuals with access to training necessary to enter careers in the clean energy, conservation, and climate resilience economy. Specifically, the ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IF10484 |
Title
Updated March 19, 2024 Defense Primer: Department of the Navy One Military Department with Two Military Services The Department of the Navy (DON) is a single military department that includes two military services the Navy and the Marine Corps. As such, DON has a single civilian leader, the Secretary of the Navy, and two four-star military service chiefs an admiral whose title is the Chief of ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IF11681 |
Title
Updated March 19, 2024 Defense Primer: LGM-35A Sentinel Intercontinental Ballistic Missile The LGM-35A Sentinel is an intercontinental ballistic missile (ICBM) system that is expected to replace the Minuteman III (MMIII) ICBM in the U.S. nuclear force structure. MMIII has served as the ground-based leg of the U.S. nuclear triad land-based ICBMs, submarinelaunched ballistic missiles, and nuclear- ...
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| Date March 19, 2024 |
Report No. IF12615 |
Title
March 19, 2024 The Labor Force Participation Rate This In Focus provides an introduction to the Labor Force Participation Rate (LFPR), a key measure of the labor market. It is the fraction of people who are engaged in the labor force, whether they are employed or actively looking for employment. How the Labor Force Participation Rate is Calculated The Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) releases the ...
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| Date March 18, 2024 |
Report No. R47962 |
Title
The Global Oil Tanker Market: An Overview as It Relates to Sanctions March 18, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47962 SUMMARY The Global Oil Tanker Market: An Overview as It Relates to Sanctions R47962 March 18, 2024 John Frittelli Specialist in Sanctions on oil transport from Russia, Iran, and Venezuela have drawn attention to the global oil Transportation ...
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| Date March 18, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11128 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Congressional Court Watcher: Recent Appellate Decisions of Interest to Lawmakers (March 11 March 17, 2024) March 18, 2024 The federal courts issue hundreds of decisions every week in cases involving diverse legal disputes. This Sidebar series selects decisions from the past week that may be of particular interest to federal lawmakers, focusing on orders and decisions of the Supreme ...
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| Date March 18, 2024 |
Report No. IF12063 |
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Updated March 18, 2024 Enforcement of Economic Sanctions: An Overview The United States imposes economic restrictive measures ( economic sanctions ) on foreign states or non-state actors that engage in objectionable conduct. The sanctions may encompass individuals, sectors, and entities that are financing or otherwise connected to the targeted states or entities. The imposition of economic ...
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| Date March 18, 2024 |
Report No. IF12406 |
Title
Updated March 18, 2024 National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) FY2024 Budget Request and Appropriations The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) is an agency in the Department of Commerce whose mission is to understand and predict changes in weather, climate, oceans, and coasts; share that information; and conserve and manage coastal and marine ecosystems and ...
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| Date March 18, 2024 |
Report No. IN12222 |
Title
Updated March 18, 2024 American Indian, Alaska Native, and Tribal Population Data Overview Federal agencies collect population data, including on American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) communities and federally recognized tribes (hereinafter tribes), to allocate funding and provide services. There is no uniform definition of AI/AN populations or tribal enrollment, and federal agencies rely on ...
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| Date March 18, 2024 |
Report No. IF12608 |
Title
Updated March 18, 2024 U.S. Interest in Seabed Mining in Areas Beyond National Jurisdiction: Brief Background and Recent Developments In 1980, Congress passed the Deep Seabed Hard Mineral Resources Act (DSHMRA; P.L. 96-283) as an interim measure to allow U.S. citizens to proceed with seabed mining activities in areas beyond national jurisdiction (ABNJ) until an international regime was in place ( ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. R46946 |
Title
Dam Removal: The Federal Role Updated March 15, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R46946 SUMMARY Dam Removal: The Federal Role R46946 March 15, 2024 Dam owners and other stakeholders sometimes consider dam removal as a policy option to address dam safety, ecosystem restoration, or other concerns. For example, dams often affect Anna E. Normand ecosystem processes ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. R47002 |
Title
Federal Public Transportation Program: In Brief Updated March 15, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47002 Federal Public Transportation Program: In Brief Contents Introduction ..................................................................................................................................... 1 What Is Public Transportation? ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. IN11229 |
Title
INSIGHTi Stafford Act Assistance for Public Health Incidents Updated March 15, 2024 This Insight provides an overview and examples of presidential declarations under the Robert T. Stafford Disaster Relief and Emergency Assistance Act (hereinafter the Stafford Act 42 U.S.C. 5121 et seq.) in response to public health incidents including contagious diseases and water contamination. Such declarations ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. LSB11125 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Overview of Federal Criminal Laws Prohibiting Interference with Voting March 15, 2024 The 2024 U.S. presidential and congressional elections are scheduled to take place on November 5, 2024, with early in-person voting in some states beginning in September. Recent developments such as the advancement of artificial intelligence (AI) capabilities, the continued targeting of U.S. ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. IF10256 |
Title
Updated March 15, 2024 U.S.-Taiwan Trade and Economic Relations Taiwan is a top U.S. trade partner and a key link in global technology and manufacturing supply chains, supporting the United States, China (PRC or China), and other global markets. Taiwan s economy is highly dependent on global trade; exports account for about 70% of gross domestic product (GDP). Taiwan s policies are seeking to ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. IF11744 |
Title
Updated March 15, 2024 Forming a Funded Federal Regional Commission During the 117th Congress, the Senate confirmed the nominations of the federal co-chairs for the Southeast Crescent Regional Commission (SCRC) and the Southwest Border Regional Commission (SBRC), thereby allowing them to convene and begin other activities. Also during the 117th Congress, the Consolidated Appropriations Act, 2023 ( ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. LSB10942 |
Title
Legal Sidebari Restricting TikTok (Part II): Legislative Proposals and Considerations for Congress Updated March 15, 2024 This Legal Sidebar is the second installment in a two-part series on U.S. efforts to regulate the videosharing application (app) TikTok. The first installment provided legal background on executive branchled efforts to restrict TikTok s U.S. presence and operations. This ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. IF11741 |
Title
Updated March 15, 2024 The Army s Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV) Background The Army describes the Armored Multi-Purpose Vehicle (AMPV) in a March 14, 2023, press release as follows: [The] AMPV is the replacement for the M-113 Family of Vehicles within the Armored Brigade Combat Team (ABCT), comprising approximately 30 percent of its tracked vehicle fleet. The Army s worldwide fleet of AMPVs ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. IG10049 |
Title
U.S. Shale Gas & Federal Lands March 15, 2024 Author Information Michael Ratner Specialist in Energy Policy Lexie Ryan Analyst in Energy Policy Disclaimer This document was prepared by the Congressional Research Service (CRS). CRS serves as nonpartisan shared staff to congressional committees and Members of Congress. It operates solely at the behest of and under the direction of Congress. ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. IN12331 |
Title
INSIGHTi Haiti in Crisis: What Role for a Multinational Security Support Mission? March 15, 2024 The political and security situation in Haiti has deteriorated since late February, with nearly 1,200 killed between January 1 and March 6, 2024. The Haitian government has declared and extended a state of emergency in response to widespread violence among gangs that now control prisons, police ...
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| Date March 15, 2024 |
Report No. IF12614 |
Title
March 15, 2024 U.S.-Latin America Trade and Investment The 118th Congress is engaged in a range of legislative and oversight activities related to trade policy toward the Latin America and Caribbean (LAC) region, which is among the United States most important regional trading partners. Historically, some Members of Congress have approached initiatives to strengthen economic relations with LAC ...
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| Date March 14, 2024 |
Report No. R47980 |
Title
U.S. Energy Supply and Use: Background and Policy Primer March 14, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47980 SUMMARY U.S. Energy Supply and Use: Background and Policy Primer Since the start of the 21st century, the U.S. energy system has changed tremendously. Technological advances in energy production and use have driven changes in energy consumption, and the ...
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| Date March 14, 2024 |
Report No. R47959 |
Title
Proposals to Amend the U.S. Constitution: Fact Sheet March 14, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47959 SUMMARY Proposals to Amend the U.S. Constitution: Fact Sheet This report provides brief background information and resources for locating historical, recent, and current proposed and unratified amendments to the Constitution of the United States. It does not ...
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| Date March 14, 2024 |
Report No. IF11859 |
Title
Updated March 14, 2024 The Army s M-10 Booker (Formerly Known as Mobile Protected Firepower [MPF]) System What Is the Mobile Protected Firepower (MPF) System? The Army s MPF system is intended to address an operational shortfall in infantry units: Currently the Army s Infantry Brigade Combat Teams (IBCT) do not have a combat vehicle assigned that is capable of providing mobile, protected, direct, ...
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| Date March 14, 2024 |
Report No. IF12482 |
Title
Updated March 14, 2024 Federal Aviation Administration Reauthorization: Legislative Action in the 118th Congress The most recent multiyear Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) reauthorization, the FAA Reauthorization Act of 2018 (P.L. 115-254), was enacted in October 2018. Its key civil aviation authorizations, including Airport and Airway Trust Fund (AATF) revenue collection authority, airport ...
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| Date March 14, 2024 |
Report No. IF11555 |
Title
Updated March 14, 2024 Presidential Candidate and Nominating Convention Security Introduction John F. Kennedy (with USSS protection). In 1968, Congress authorized U.S. Secret Service (USSS) protection of presidential candidates following the assassination of Democratic Party presidential candidate Senator Robert F. Kennedy. At that time, a congressional advisory committee (82 Stat. 170) was ...
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| Date March 14, 2024 |
Report No. IF12150 |
Title
Updated March 14, 2024 Ukrainian Military Performance and Outlook Since Russia launched its full-scale invasion of Ukraine in February 2022, the Ukrainian Armed Forces (UAF) have successfully defended against Russian offensives, despite several apparent disadvantages, including fewer personnel and a smaller domestic defense industry. The UAF has demonstrated flexibility over the course of the ...
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| Date March 13, 2024 |
Report No. IN12158 |
Title
INSIGHTi Agriculture and Related Agencies: FY2024 Appropriations Updated March 13, 2024 Status of Agriculture Appropriations Agriculture appropriations formally known as the Agriculture, Rural Development, Food and Drug Administration, and Related Agencies Appropriations Act funds the U.S. Department of Agriculture, excluding the U.S. Forest Service. It also funds the Food and Drug Administration ...
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| Date March 13, 2024 |
Report No. IF10543 |
Title
Updated March 13, 2024 Defense Primer: The Department of Defense The Department of Defense (DOD) was established after World War II through the 1947 National Security Act (P.L. 80-253). At the time, some, including President Truman, took the view that the different components of the U.S. military had been insufficiently integrated to wage World War II effectively. The intention of the 1947 Act was ...
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| Date March 13, 2024 |
Report No. IF11991 |
Title
Updated March 13, 2024 The U.S. Army s Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW): Dark Eagle What Is the Army s Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon? The Army s Long-Range Hypersonic Weapon (LRHW), also known as Dark Eagle (Figure 1), with a reported range of 1,725 miles, consists of a ground-launched missile equipped with a hypersonic glide body and associated transport, support, and fire control equipment. ...
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| Date March 13, 2024 |
Report No. IF12261 |
Title
Updated March 13, 2024 Olympic Commemorative Coins: Background and Considerations for Congress The U.S. Mint produces commemorative coins pursuant to a specific act of Congress. These coins celebrate and honor American people, places, events, and institutions. Although they are considered legal tender, they are not minted for general circulation. Instead, they are designed to be collected ( ...
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| Date March 13, 2024 |
Report No. IF12613 |
Title
March 13, 2024 AT&T Network Outage: Impact on Public Safety Services In the early hours of February 22, 2024, AT&T s wireless network suffered an outage, affecting communications nationwide. AT&T has not provided a definitive time that the outage started. It disrupted AT&T Mobility (wireless) service for some of its 220 million Mobility subscribers for several hours. At 10:00 a.m. (CT), AT&T ...
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| Date March 13, 2024 |
Report No. IG10047 |
Title
Federal Business Disaster Assistance March 13, 2024 Author Information Bruce R. Lindsay, Coordinator Specialist in American National Government Anthony R. Marshak Analyst in Natural Resources Policy Julie M. Lawhorn, Coordinator Analyst in Economic Development Policy Megan Stubbs Specialist in Agricultural Conservation and Natural Resources Policy Joseph V. Jaroscak Analyst in Economic ...
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| Date March 13, 2024 |
Report No. IF11070 |
Title
Updated March 13, 2024 John H. Chafee Foster Care Program for Successful Transition to Adulthood Children are removed from families and placed into foster care due to incidents of abuse, neglect, or other family crisis. In FY2021, about 147,000 young people ages 14 or older spent at least one day in foster care. More than 19,000 young people emancipated (or aged out) in FY2021, meaning they ...
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| Date March 13, 2024 |
Report No. IF12610 |
Title
Updated March 13, 2024 Defense Primer: The United States Space Force The U.S. Space Force is the sixth branch of the Armed Forces, established under the Department of the Air Force (DAF) with the enactment of the FY2020 National Defense Authorization Act ([NDAA], P.L. 116-92). According to Title 10, Section 9081, of the U.S. Code, The Space Force shall be organized, trained, and equipped to (1) ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. R47624 |
Title
Legislative Branch: FY2024 Appropriations Updated March 12, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47624 SUMMARY Legislative Branch: FY2024 Appropriations The legislative branch appropriations bill provides funding for the Senate; House of Representatives; Joint Items; Capitol Police; Office of Congressional Workplace Rights (formerly Office of Compliance); ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. R47953 |
Title
Small Business Administration Reauthorization: Issues for Congress March 12, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R47953 SUMMARY Small Business Administration Reauthorization: Issues for Congress In recent years the idea of reauthorizing the Small Business Administration (SBA) has gained increased attention, both from some Members of Congress as well as outside ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. R43397 |
Title
Legislative Branch Appropriations: Frequently Asked Questions Updated March 12, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov R43397 SUMMARY Legislative Branch Appropriations: Frequently Asked Questions This report responds to frequently asked questions about legislative branch appropriations. Frequently asked questions include the items that are funded within this bill; ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. TE10092 |
Title
Statement of Luke A. Nicastro Analyst in U.S. Defense Infrastructure Policy Before Committee on Financial Services Subcommittee on National Security, Illicit Finance, and International Financial Institutions U.S. House of Representatives Hearing on Mission Critical: Restoring National Security as the Focus of Defense Production Act Reauthorization March 12, 2024 Congressional Research Service ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. RL34205 |
Title
Indian Elementary-Secondary Education: Programs, Background, and Issues Updated March 12, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov RL34205 Indian Elementary-Secondary Education: Programs, Background, and Issues Summary The federal government provides elementary and secondary education and educational assistance to Indian children, either directly through federally funded ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. 95-1013 |
Title
Bahrain: Issues for U.S. Policy Updated March 12, 2024 Congressional Research Service https://crsreports.congress.gov 95-1013 Bahrain: Issues for U.S. Policy Summary The Kingdom of Bahrain is an island nation connected by a causeway to Saudi Arabia (15.5 miles away) and once claimed by Iran (124 miles away). Though small geographically and wedged between these two larger regional powers, Bahrain ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. IN11982 |
Title
INSIGHTi Responding to Drought in the Colorado River Basin Updated March 12, 2024 The Colorado River Basin (Figure 1) covers more than 246,000 square miles in seven U.S. states and Mexico. Basin waters are governed by multiple documents, known collectively as the Law of the River. The Colorado River Compact of 1922 established the framework to apportion water supplies between the river s Upper and ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. IN12301 |
Title
INSIGHTi Houthi Attacks in the Red Sea: Issues for Congress Updated March 12, 2024 Since the October 7, 2023, Hamas attacks and Israel s military response in Gaza, the Ansar Allah/Houthi movement, an Iran-backed force in Yemen, has targeted (Figure 1) Israeli territory and commercial and naval vessels near the Bab al Mandeb Strait, a key maritime choke point. In response, the United States, its ...
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| Date March 12, 2024 |
Report No. IF12597 |
Title
Updated March 12, 2024 The Clery Act and Postsecondary Institutions: Requirements and Enforcement The federal government requires colleges and universities to implement several institutional policies aimed at ensuring the safety and security of their students. One key federal statute that applies to postsecondary institutions is the Jeanne Clery Disclosure of Campus Security Policy and Campus ...
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